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Movement Baseline Assessment

Evaluate your current activity level, strength, mobility, and movement patterns.


## đź“– The Story

Two Approaches to Movement​

Meet Alex and Jordan—same age, similar jobs, completely different approaches to understanding their fitness.

Alex's Approach: The Avoider

Alex has always thought of themselves as "pretty active." They walk the dog most days and occasionally hit the gym. When a friend suggests taking a movement assessment, Alex brushes it off.

"I don't need numbers to tell me how fit I am. I feel fine. Besides, I'm afraid the results will just make me feel bad about myself."

Over the next year, Alex notices they're getting winded going upstairs. Their lower back hurts after sitting at their desk. They try a yoga class but can't keep up and feel embarrassed. They assume "this is just getting older."

Without a baseline, Alex has no reference point. Are they declining? Improving? Should they focus on strength or cardio? They drift through different exercise trends without clear direction, never quite sure if what they're doing is working.

Jordan's Approach: The Measurer

Jordan takes the same assessment their friend recommended. The results are humbling: 52/100. Lower than expected.

But instead of feeling discouraged, Jordan sees something valuable: specific information.

  • Daily movement: 8/20 (sitting 9 hours daily)
  • Strength: 10/25 (no regular resistance training)
  • Plank: 2/10 (only 20 seconds)
  • Balance: 7/10 (actually pretty good)

Jordan now has a roadmap. They don't need to overhaul everything—just address the biggest gaps. They start with:

  1. Walking 10 minutes after lunch (daily movement)
  2. Two 20-minute strength sessions per week (basic squats, push-ups, planks)

Eight weeks later, Jordan re-assesses: 64/100. The improvement is concrete and motivating. Their plank went from 20 seconds to 45. Their daily steps increased from 3,500 to 7,000.

A year later: 78/100. Jordan isn't an athlete, but they're strong enough for life. They can play with their kids without pain. They carry groceries with ease. When their back starts feeling tight, they know it's time to focus on mobility again.

The Difference

Both Alex and Jordan started in similar places. But Jordan's willingness to measure created a clear path forward. They knew where they were weak, could track if their efforts were working, and adjusted based on data rather than guesswork.

The assessment didn't judge Jordan—it guided them.

What This Story Teaches​

Avoiding assessment doesn't protect you from decline—it just makes it invisible.

When you measure your movement baseline:

  • You stop guessing and start knowing
  • You can focus efforts where they matter most
  • You catch decline before it becomes limiting
  • You have proof that your work is paying off
  • You stay motivated by seeing real progress

Your starting point doesn't matter. Your direction does.

Whether you score 40 or 80, you now have information. And information is the foundation of improvement.


## đź§  The Science

The Science of Movement Assessment​

Understanding why baseline assessment matters requires looking at what movement actually does for your body—and what happens when you don't measure it.

Why Baseline Matters

Movement isn't a single thing. It's a complex combination of different physical capabilities, each contributing to your overall health and function.

The Four Core Components of Movement Fitness:

  1. Strength - Your muscles' ability to generate force

    • Maintains muscle mass (which naturally declines 3-8% per decade after 30)
    • Preserves bone density and prevents osteoporosis
    • Supports metabolic health (muscle tissue is metabolically active)
    • Enables functional activities (carrying, lifting, climbing)
  2. Cardiovascular Endurance - Your heart and lungs' ability to deliver oxygen

    • Strongest predictor of longevity (VO2 max correlates with lifespan)
    • Reduces risk of heart disease, stroke, and metabolic disease
    • Improves daily energy levels and resilience to stress
    • Enhances recovery from any physical activity
  3. Flexibility and Mobility - Your joints' range of motion and tissue extensibility

    • Prevents compensatory movement patterns that lead to injury
    • Maintains functional movement quality (bending, reaching, twisting)
    • Reduces chronic pain, especially in back, hips, and shoulders
    • Declines rapidly with sedentary behavior and age
  4. Balance and Stability - Your body's ability to control position in space

    • Critical predictor of fall risk (falls are leading cause of injury in older adults)
    • Requires integration of vision, inner ear, and proprioception
    • Reflects neuromuscular coordination and brain health
    • Deteriorates quickly without specific practice

Why You Can't Improve What You Don't Measure:

Research consistently shows that people dramatically overestimate their activity levels. When asked, people report being "moderately active," but objective tracking reveals:

  • Actual steps are 30-40% lower than estimated
  • Sitting time is 2-3 hours more than perceived
  • Exercise frequency is overstated by about 50%
  • Intensity of activity is generally overestimated

This perception gap means you need objective assessment to know reality.

Functional Movement Screening

The physical tests in this assessment aren't random—they're validated measures of functional capacity:

Sit-to-Stand Test:

  • Predicts ability to perform daily activities independently
  • Correlates with hospitalization risk in older adults
  • Reflects leg strength, balance, and neuromuscular coordination
  • Validated across multiple age groups and populations

Plank Hold:

  • Measures core stability and trunk endurance
  • Predicts lower back pain risk (weak core = higher risk)
  • Correlates with overall muscular endurance
  • Reflects postural control during sustained effort

Toe Touch Test:

  • Assesses posterior chain flexibility (hamstrings, lower back)
  • Indicates compensatory movement patterns
  • Predicts injury risk in dynamic activities
  • Reflects habitual movement quality

Single-Leg Balance:

  • Strongest predictor of fall risk (especially over age 60)
  • Requires brain-body integration (proprioception)
  • Reflects ankle and hip stability
  • Declines rapidly without practice, improves quickly with training

Progress Tracking and the Power of Baselines

The scientific principle here is simple but powerful: measurement enables improvement.

How baselines enable progress:

  1. Identifies specific deficits - Instead of vague "I should exercise more," you know exactly what's weak (e.g., "My core strength is poor, scoring only 2/10 on plank")

  2. Prevents wasted effort - If your flexibility is already good but strength is poor, you can stop doing extra yoga and start lifting weights

  3. Motivates through proof - Seeing your plank go from 20 seconds to 60 seconds is concrete evidence your training works

  4. Catches decline early - A score dropping from 75 to 65 over six months signals something's wrong before you're functionally limited

  5. Guides appropriate progression - You know when to increase intensity (scores plateauing) vs. when to maintain (scores stable and high)

Research on Assessment-Guided Training:

Studies comparing "self-guided" exercise to "assessment-guided" training consistently show:

  • 2-3x greater improvement in weak areas when training is guided by baseline testing
  • Better long-term adherence (people stay motivated by visible progress)
  • More balanced fitness development (vs. only training what you're already good at)
  • Reduced injury rates (addressing weaknesses prevents compensatory patterns)

The Bottom Line:

Your body is a complex system with multiple components that all contribute to health and function. Without measuring each component, you're flying blind—relying on perception, which is notoriously inaccurate.

A movement baseline gives you:

  • Truth: Objective data on current state
  • Direction: Clear areas needing attention
  • Feedback: Proof that your efforts work
  • Motivation: Concrete progress to celebrate

The assessment isn't about judgment. It's about information—the foundation of improvement.


🧠 Science​

Why Movement Assessment Matters

The Foundation of Health​

Movement is not just exercise—it's the foundation of human health. Your body was designed to move, and regular physical activity influences nearly every system in your body.

Key Scientific Findings:

  1. Longevity & Disease Prevention

    • Regular movement reduces all-cause mortality by 30-40%
    • Decreases risk of heart disease, diabetes, and certain cancers
    • Stronger predictor of health than body weight alone
  2. Brain Health

    • Exercise increases BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor)
    • Improves memory, focus, and cognitive function
    • Reduces dementia risk by up to 30%
  3. Metabolic Function

    • Improves insulin sensitivity and glucose regulation
    • Increases mitochondrial density and function
    • Enhances fat oxidation and metabolic flexibility
  4. Musculoskeletal Health

    • Maintains bone density and muscle mass
    • Supports joint health and mobility
    • Prevents age-related functional decline

Why Baseline Assessment?

You can't improve what you don't measure. A movement baseline:

  • Identifies current strengths and weaknesses
  • Predicts future health risks
  • Tracks progress over time
  • Motivates behavior change

The Four Pillars of Movement:

PillarWhy It MattersWhat Happens Without It
Daily ActivityMetabolic health, energy expenditureMetabolic dysfunction, weight gain
StrengthFunctional capacity, bone densitySarcopenia, frailty, falls
CardiovascularHeart health, endurancePoor aerobic capacity, disease risk
MobilityRange of motion, injury preventionStiffness, pain, movement limitations

🚶 Journey​

Timeline of Movement Assessment Process

Your Assessment Journey​

Understanding the process helps you prepare mentally and physically for this assessment.

Before Assessment (2-3 days)

  • Read through instructions
  • Prepare comfortable clothing
  • Ensure you have a timer
  • Choose a time when you feel typical (not sick or exhausted)
  • Clear space for physical tests

Day of Assessment

Phase 1: Preparation (5 minutes)
├─ Read all instructions
├─ Warm up lightly (optional walk)
└─ Get timer and recording materials ready

Phase 2: Questionnaire (5 minutes)
├─ Answer 12 questions honestly
├─ Think about typical behavior, not best-case
└─ Record scores for each section

Phase 3: Physical Tests (5-10 minutes)
├─ Test 1: Sit-to-Stand (30 seconds)
├─ Rest (1-2 minutes)
├─ Test 2: Plank Hold (until failure)
├─ Rest (1-2 minutes)
├─ Test 3: Toe Touch (single attempt)
├─ Rest (1 minute)
└─ Test 4: Single-Leg Balance (both sides)

Phase 4: Scoring (5 minutes)
├─ Calculate total score
├─ Review score interpretation
└─ Identify weakest components

After Assessment

  • Record your total score and date
  • Identify 1-2 priority areas for improvement
  • Create action plan based on results
  • Schedule re-assessment in 4-8 weeks

Re-Assessment Timeline

WhenPurpose
4 weeksAfter starting new routine—verify you're on track
8-12 weeksTrack meaningful progress
QuarterlyMonitor long-term trends
AnnuallyMajor check-in, adjust goals

📖 Instructions​

How to Take This Assessment

Time Required: 10 minutes

This Assessment Has Two Parts:

  1. Questionnaire (5 min) - Answer questions about your habits
  2. Physical Tests (5 min) - Simple movement tests you can do at home

Before You Begin:

  • Wear comfortable clothing for physical tests
  • Have a timer available
  • Answer honestly about typical behavior
  • Physical tests should be done when you feel normal (not exhausted or sick)

Scoring:

  • Maximum possible: 100 points
  • Questionnaire: 60 points
  • Physical tests: 40 points

📋 Part 1: Questionnaire (60 points)​

Answer These 12 Questions

Section A: Daily Movement (20 points)​

Q1. How many steps do you typically take per day?

  • 10,000+ (5 points)
  • 7,500-10,000 (4 points)
  • 5,000-7,500 (2 points)
  • Less than 5,000 (0 points)

Q2. How much time do you spend sitting each day?

  • Less than 4 hours (5 points)
  • 4-6 hours (3 points)
  • 6-8 hours (1 point)
  • More than 8 hours (0 points)

Q3. Do you take movement breaks during prolonged sitting?

  • Yes, every 30-60 minutes (5 points)
  • Sometimes, every 1-2 hours (3 points)
  • Rarely (1 point)
  • Never—sit for hours at a time (0 points)

Q4. How often do you walk for transportation or errands?

  • Daily (5 points)
  • Several times per week (3 points)
  • Occasionally (1 point)
  • Rarely or never (0 points)

Section B: Structured Exercise (25 points)​

Q5. How many days per week do you do strength/resistance training?

  • 3+ days (5 points)
  • 2 days (4 points)
  • 1 day (2 points)
  • None (0 points)

Q6. How many minutes of moderate cardio (brisk walking, cycling) per week?

  • 150+ minutes (5 points)
  • 90-150 minutes (4 points)
  • 45-90 minutes (2 points)
  • Less than 45 minutes (0 points)

Q7. How many minutes of vigorous cardio (running, HIIT) per week?

  • 75+ minutes (5 points)
  • 45-75 minutes (4 points)
  • 15-45 minutes (2 points)
  • None (0 points)
  • (Note: Moderate counts double—don't double-count if Q6 is high)

Q8. Do you include flexibility/mobility work in your routine?

  • Yes, 2-3+ times per week (5 points)
  • Yes, about weekly (3 points)
  • Occasionally (1 point)
  • Never (0 points)

Q9. Do you include balance training in your routine?

  • Yes, regularly (5 points)
  • Sometimes (3 points)
  • Rarely (1 point)
  • Never (0 points)

Section C: Movement Quality (15 points)​

Q10. Do you experience pain during daily movements? (Getting up, walking, bending, reaching)

  • No pain (5 points)
  • Occasional minor discomfort (3 points)
  • Frequent pain or limitations (1 point)
  • Daily pain affecting function (0 points)

Q11. How is your posture during daily activities?

  • Generally good, aware of it (5 points)
  • Okay but could be better (3 points)
  • Poor—often slouching (1 point)
  • Very poor—causes pain (0 points)

Q12. How confident are you in your physical abilities? (Carrying groceries, climbing stairs, playing with kids/pets)

  • Very confident—can do anything (5 points)
  • Mostly confident (3 points)
  • Some limitations (1 point)
  • Significant limitations (0 points)

📋 Part 2: Physical Tests (40 points)​

Complete These 4 Tests

Test 1: Sit-to-Stand (Balance & Leg Strength)​

Instructions:

  1. Sit on a chair (standard height, no arms)
  2. Cross your arms over your chest
  3. Stand up and sit down as many times as you can in 30 seconds
  4. Count full cycles (up AND down = 1)

Scoring:

  • Men under 50 / Women under 50:

    • 17+ reps (10 points)
    • 14-16 reps (7 points)
    • 11-13 reps (4 points)
    • <11 reps (1 point)
  • Men 50-70 / Women 50-70:

    • 15+ reps (10 points)
    • 12-14 reps (7 points)
    • 9-11 reps (4 points)
    • <9 reps (1 point)
  • Men 70+ / Women 70+:

    • 12+ reps (10 points)
    • 9-11 reps (7 points)
    • 6-8 reps (4 points)
    • <6 reps (1 point)

Your Score: ___/10


Test 2: Plank Hold (Core Stability)​

Instructions:

  1. Get into a forearm plank position
  2. Hold as long as you can with good form
  3. Stop when your hips sag or rise significantly
  4. Time yourself

Scoring:

  • 90+ seconds (10 points)
  • 60-90 seconds (8 points)
  • 30-60 seconds (5 points)
  • 15-30 seconds (2 points)
  • <15 seconds (0 points)

Your Score: ___/10


Test 3: Touch Your Toes (Flexibility)​

Instructions:

  1. Stand with feet together
  2. Keeping legs straight, bend forward and reach for toes
  3. Note how far you can reach

Scoring:

  • Palms flat on floor (10 points)
  • Fingertips touch floor (8 points)
  • Fingertips touch toes (5 points)
  • Fingertips reach ankles (2 points)
  • Can't reach past knees (0 points)

Your Score: ___/10


Test 4: Single-Leg Balance (Balance)​

Instructions:

  1. Stand on one leg
  2. Lift other foot off ground (can touch ankle to calf)
  3. Arms can be out for balance
  4. Time how long you can hold without touching down
  5. Do both sides, use average

Scoring:

  • Under 50:

    • 45+ seconds (10 points)
    • 30-45 seconds (7 points)
    • 15-30 seconds (4 points)
    • <15 seconds (1 point)
  • 50-70:

    • 30+ seconds (10 points)
    • 20-30 seconds (7 points)
    • 10-20 seconds (4 points)
    • <10 seconds (1 point)
  • 70+:

    • 20+ seconds (10 points)
    • 10-20 seconds (7 points)
    • 5-10 seconds (4 points)
    • <5 seconds (1 point)

Your Score: ___/10


👀 Signs & Signals​

What Your Results Indicate

Understanding Your Scores​

Your movement baseline reveals important signals about your current and future health.

High Daily Movement Score (15-20 points)

  • Signal: Active lifestyle, good NEAT (non-exercise activity thermogenesis)
  • Indicates: Lower metabolic disease risk, better energy balance
  • Future outlook: Strong foundation for health

Low Daily Movement Score (<10 points)

  • Signal: Sedentary lifestyle
  • Indicates: Increased risk for metabolic syndrome, weight gain
  • Warning signs: Low energy, difficulty maintaining weight
  • Action needed: Priority area—start with more daily movement

High Structured Exercise Score (20-25 points)

  • Signal: Intentional training habits established
  • Indicates: Good cardiorespiratory fitness, maintained muscle mass
  • Future outlook: Reduced chronic disease risk

Low Structured Exercise Score (<10 points)

  • Signal: No regular training
  • Indicates: Likely declining fitness, muscle loss (especially if over 30)
  • Warning signs: Getting winded easily, difficulty with physical tasks
  • Action needed: Begin basic strength and cardio routine

Movement Quality Issues (Pain, Poor Posture, Low Confidence)

  • Signal: Compensation patterns, weakness, or injury
  • Indicates: Increased injury risk, accelerated decline
  • Warning signs: Daily pain, avoiding certain movements
  • Action needed: May need professional assessment (PT, chiropractor)

Physical Test Interpretations​

Sit-to-Stand Test

  • What it reveals: Leg strength, balance, functional capacity
  • Strong performance: Good for daily activities (stairs, getting up)
  • Weak performance: Fall risk, difficulty with daily tasks
  • Aging signal: Below-average scores predict hospitalization risk in older adults

Plank Hold

  • What it reveals: Core stability, trunk strength
  • Strong performance: Better posture, lower back protection
  • Weak performance: Back pain risk, poor posture
  • Health signal: Core strength correlates with overall fitness

Toe Touch

  • What it reveals: Hamstring and lower back flexibility
  • Strong performance: Better movement quality, lower injury risk
  • Weak performance: Tight posterior chain, compensatory movement
  • Aging signal: Flexibility declines faster with inactivity

Single-Leg Balance

  • What it reveals: Proprioception, ankle/hip stability
  • Strong performance: Lower fall risk, better movement control
  • Weak performance: High fall risk (especially in older adults)
  • Brain signal: Balance requires brain-body coordination

Pattern Recognition​

Strength without Mobility

  • You score high on strength tests but can't touch toes
  • Common in: Lifters who skip stretching
  • Risk: Injury, limited range of motion
  • Fix: Add daily mobility work

Mobility without Strength

  • You're flexible but struggle with plank or sit-to-stand
  • Common in: Yoga practitioners who don't strength train
  • Risk: Joint instability, injury
  • Fix: Add resistance training

Good Tests, Low Activity

  • Physical tests are good but daily movement is low
  • Common in: People who exercise but sit all day
  • Risk: "Active couch potato" syndrome
  • Fix: Increase daily movement, hourly breaks

High Activity, Poor Tests

  • You're active but tests reveal weakness
  • Common in: Walkers who don't strength train
  • Risk: Limited by specific deficits
  • Fix: Address weak areas with targeted training

📊 Scoring​

Calculate Your Score

Add Up Your Points​

SectionYour ScoreMaximum
Part 1: Questionnaire
A: Daily Movement___20
B: Structured Exercise___25
C: Movement Quality___15
Part 2: Physical Tests
Sit-to-Stand___10
Plank Hold___10
Toe Touch___10
Single-Leg Balance___10
TOTAL___100

Interpret Your Score​

ScoreCategoryWhat It Means
85-100ExcellentStrong movement foundation. Maintain and optimize.
70-84GoodSolid base with areas for improvement.
55-69Needs AttentionMovement gaps affecting health/function.
40-54ConcerningSignificant limitations. Priority area.
Below 40CriticalMovement is severely limited. Start gently.

Component Analysis​

ComponentLow Score Means
Daily Movement (A)Sedentary lifestyle
Structured Exercise (B)No intentional training
Movement Quality (C)Pain or limitations
Sit-to-StandLeg strength deficit
PlankCore weakness
Toe TouchFlexibility issue
BalanceBalance/stability deficit

📸 What It Looks Like​

Example Assessment Results

Sample Profiles​

Understanding real-world examples helps you contextualize your own results.

Example 1: The Desk Worker

Profile: Sarah, 35, Software Engineer
Daily Sitting: 8+ hours
Exercise: Occasional yoga

Scores:
├─ Daily Movement: 6/20 (3,000 steps/day)
├─ Structured Exercise: 8/25 (yoga 1x/week)
├─ Movement Quality: 11/15 (no pain, poor posture)
├─ Sit-to-Stand: 7/10 (14 reps)
├─ Plank: 8/10 (75 seconds)
├─ Toe Touch: 8/10 (fingertips to floor)
└─ Balance: 7/10 (35 seconds)

TOTAL: 55/100 (Needs Attention)

Analysis:
- Strong: Flexibility and core from yoga
- Weak: Daily movement severely limited
- Pattern: "Active couch potato" - exercises but sits all day
- Priority: Increase daily steps, hourly movement breaks

Example 2: The Weekend Warrior

Profile: Mike, 42, Sales Manager
Daily Activity: Moderate walking
Exercise: Basketball on weekends

Scores:
├─ Daily Movement: 14/20 (8,000 steps)
├─ Structured Exercise: 10/25 (basketball 2x/week)
├─ Movement Quality: 9/15 (knee pain sometimes)
├─ Sit-to-Stand: 4/10 (11 reps)
├─ Plank: 2/10 (20 seconds)
├─ Toe Touch: 2/10 (reaches shins)
└─ Balance: 4/10 (18 seconds)

TOTAL: 45/100 (Concerning)

Analysis:
- Strong: Daily activity is good
- Weak: No strength training, poor core, limited mobility
- Pattern: Sport-focused but lacks foundation
- Risk: Knee pain from weakness, injury risk
- Priority: Add strength training 2x/week, daily mobility

Example 3: The Dedicated Trainee

Profile: Lisa, 28, Teacher
Daily Activity: Walks to work
Exercise: Gym 4x/week (strength + cardio)

Scores:
├─ Daily Movement: 18/20 (10,000+ steps)
├─ Structured Exercise: 23/25 (strength 3x, cardio 150 min)
├─ Movement Quality: 15/15 (excellent)
├─ Sit-to-Stand: 10/10 (19 reps)
├─ Plank: 10/10 (2 minutes)
├─ Toe Touch: 5/10 (touches toes barely)
└─ Balance: 10/10 (60 seconds)

TOTAL: 91/100 (Excellent)

Analysis:
- Strong: Everything except flexibility
- Weak: Hamstring tightness
- Pattern: Lifter who skips stretching
- Priority: Add 10 min daily stretching routine

Example 4: The Active Retiree

Profile: Robert, 68, Retired
Daily Activity: Daily walks, gardening
Exercise: Light weights 2x/week

Scores:
├─ Daily Movement: 16/20 (9,000 steps)
├─ Structured Exercise: 15/25 (strength 2x, walking)
├─ Movement Quality: 13/15 (minor stiffness)
├─ Sit-to-Stand: 7/10 (10 reps - age 70+ scale)
├─ Plank: 5/10 (45 seconds)
├─ Toe Touch: 5/10 (touches toes)
└─ Balance: 4/10 (8 seconds - age 70+ scale)

TOTAL: 65/100 (Needs Attention)

Analysis:
- Strong: Daily activity excellent for age
- Weak: Balance is concerning (fall risk)
- Pattern: Active but balance declining
- Priority: Add balance training daily, progress strength work
- Note: Balance score is biggest concern for fall prevention

Score Distribution​

What's typical for different populations:

PopulationAverage ScoreCommon Pattern
Sedentary office workers40-55Low daily movement, no strength
Casual exercisers55-70Good intentions, inconsistent
Regular gym-goers70-85Strong but may lack balance/mobility
Athletes/Trainers85-100Well-rounded fitness
Older adults (60+)50-65Activity varies, balance often weak

🎯 Next Steps Based on Score​

What to Do With Your Results

Strong Movement Foundation​

What's Working:

  • Good activity levels
  • Strength and mobility present
  • Movement is a strength

Continue By:

  • Maintaining current practices
  • Setting specific performance goals
  • Adding variety to prevent plateaus

Opportunities:

  • Focus on specific goals (strength, endurance, sport)
  • Help others get moving
  • Consider new challenges

🚀 Getting Started​

How to Begin Assessing

Quick Start Guide​

Ready to take your movement baseline? Here's exactly what to do.

Step 1: Prepare (5 minutes)

Gather what you need:

  • Timer (phone stopwatch works)
  • Paper and pen to record scores
  • Comfortable clothing
  • Standard chair (no arms, normal height)
  • Clear floor space (6x6 feet minimum)

Step 2: Choose Your Time

Best times to assess:

  • Mid-morning or afternoon (not first thing in morning)
  • When you feel "normal" (not sick, exhausted, or unusually energized)
  • Not immediately after eating
  • Not after intense exercise (wait 24 hours)

Avoid assessing if:

  • You're currently injured or in pain
  • You're sick or recovering from illness
  • You're extremely fatigued
  • You've just eaten a large meal

Step 3: Do the Questionnaire First

Why first?

  • Gets your brain engaged
  • Doesn't require physical effort
  • Establishes baseline before physical tests

Tips for honest answers:

  • Think about typical behavior, not ideal behavior
  • Average over last 2-4 weeks
  • If "it depends," choose the more common scenario
  • Don't overthink—first instinct is usually accurate

Step 4: Rest Before Physical Tests

Take a 2-3 minute break:

  • Walk around lightly
  • Shake out arms and legs
  • Take a few deep breaths
  • Review test instructions

Step 5: Complete Physical Tests in Order

Why this order matters:

  1. Sit-to-Stand - Explosive, do first while fresh
  2. Plank - Core endurance, fatiguing but not leg-intensive
  3. Toe Touch - Static stretch, low fatigue
  4. Balance - Requires focus, do last when calm

Rest periods:

  • 1-2 minutes between tests
  • Longer if needed (you're assessing baseline, not fitness)
  • Walk around, don't sit immediately

Step 6: Record Everything

Write down:

  • Date of assessment
  • Time of day
  • Each individual score
  • Total score
  • Any notes (pain, difficulty, observations)

Step 7: Analyze Results

Look at:

  • Total score and category
  • Weakest component (lowest section score)
  • Weakest physical test
  • Any pain or limitations noted

Common First-Time Mistakes

MistakeWhy It's WrongDo This Instead
Rushing through testsInaccurate resultsTake full rest periods
Being too generousOverestimated baselineBe ruthlessly honest
Comparing to othersEveryone starts somewhereCompare to yourself only
Skipping tests that are hardMissing important dataDo all tests, record what you can
Testing when tired/sickDoesn't show true baselineWait until you feel normal

What If I Can't Complete a Test?​

If you can't do a physical test at all:

  • Record it as 0 points
  • Note why (pain, can't get into position, etc.)
  • This is valuable information
  • Don't be discouraged—it shows where to start

If a test causes pain:

  • Stop immediately
  • Record what happened
  • Consider professional evaluation
  • You can still complete other tests

If you're not sure about test form:

  • Watch online videos of these common tests
  • Do your best approximation
  • Consistency matters more than perfect form
  • Re-assess with same form in future

After Your First Assessment​

Within 24 hours:

  1. Review your results
  2. Identify 1-2 priority areas
  3. Create simple action plan
  4. Schedule your first improvement session

Don't try to fix everything at once. Pick the lowest-scoring area and start there.


## đź”§ Improving Each Component

Daily Movement​

Current LevelNext Step
<5,000 stepsAdd 10-min walks, twice daily
5,000-7,500 stepsWalk after meals
7,500-10,000 stepsAdd one longer walk weekly
Too much sittingSet hourly movement alarm

Structured Exercise​

GapSolution
No strength trainingStart with bodyweight 2x/week
No cardioAdd 30-min walks, 3x/week
No mobility10-min routine, daily
No balanceSingle-leg work in strength training

Physical Test Improvement​

TestHow to Improve
Sit-to-StandSquats, leg press, step-ups
PlankStart with modified, build duration
Toe TouchDaily hamstring stretches, hip hinges
BalanceSingle-leg stands, progress to eyes closed

## đź”§ Troubleshooting

Common Movement Assessment Problems​

Taking a movement assessment can bring up concerns, questions, and challenges. Here are solutions to the most common issues people face.

"I'm embarrassed by my results"

The problem: You scored lower than expected and feel ashamed or discouraged.

Why this happens:

  • You're comparing yourself to an imagined ideal rather than reality
  • You've internalized societal pressure about fitness
  • You overestimated your activity level (extremely common)
  • You're confusing your starting point with your destination

The solution:

First, understand this: Your score is data, not judgment.

The number doesn't define your worth. It shows where you are right now—which is exactly what you need to know to improve.

Consider this perspective shift:

  • A score of 45 isn't "bad"—it's information that tells you where to focus
  • Would you rather score 45 and know it, or think you're at 70 while actually declining?
  • Every person who scores 85+ started somewhere lower
  • The only "bad" score is one you never take because you stay blind to reality

Practical reframe: Instead of "I only scored 52," try "I scored 52, which means I have clear areas to improve. In 8 weeks, I could be at 65."

Your starting point doesn't matter. Your trajectory does.

Remember Jordan from the story section? They started at 52/100 and felt humbled—but they used that information to build a plan. A year later, they were at 78 and felt stronger than they had in years.

Action step: Write down your score and today's date. In 8 weeks, you'll re-assess. Your only job is to be higher than today. That's it.


"I can't do some of the tests"

The problem: One or more physical tests are impossible for you to complete, or you can only do modified versions.

Common scenarios:

  • Can't get down to the floor for plank
  • Can't hold plank position at all
  • Can't touch below knees on flexibility test
  • Can't balance on one leg for even 5 seconds
  • Physical limitations (injury, disability, chronic condition)

The solution:

First: This is still valuable information. The fact that you can't do a test tells you exactly where you need to start.

For each test, here are modifications:

Plank alternatives:

  • Wall plank: Hands on wall, body at angle—hold as long as possible
  • Elevated plank: Hands on counter or sturdy table
  • Kneeling plank: Start on hands and knees
  • Score it: Track whatever version you CAN do, even if it's wall plank for 15 seconds

Sit-to-Stand alternatives:

  • Use chair with arms for assistance
  • Use higher chair (easier to stand from)
  • Count only what you can do in 30 seconds, even if it's just 3 reps
  • Score it: Record actual number, note modification used

Toe Touch alternatives:

  • Seated toe reach: Sit with legs extended, reach toward toes
  • Standing reach: Just note how far you can reach (knees, shins, ankles)
  • Score it: Use the scoring guide but note if you're seated

Balance alternatives:

  • Hold onto chair lightly with fingertips
  • Stand on one leg near wall (don't touch unless needed)
  • Progress: fingertips → one finger → no support
  • Score it: Track with support, note "with fingertip support"

The key principle: Meet yourself where you are.

If you can only do modified versions, that's your baseline. Track the modification. As you improve, you can progress to standard versions.

What if you physically cannot do a test at all?

  • Record it as 0 points or N/A
  • Note the reason (injury, limitation, pain)
  • Focus on the tests you CAN complete
  • Consider whether this test is even relevant for you (someone with permanent balance issues might skip balance test)

Remember: The assessment serves you. If a test isn't safe or possible, it's okay to adapt or skip it. The value is in tracking progress over time, not in perfect test completion.


"My results are inconsistent"

The problem: You took the assessment twice and got very different results, making you question the reliability.

Common causes:

  • Different time of day (morning stiffness vs. afternoon looseness)
  • Different energy levels (well-rested vs. fatigued)
  • Different recent activity (assessed after rest day vs. after hard workout)
  • Inconsistent test execution (different plank form, different counting method)
  • Real fluctuations (you were sore, hungry, stressed)

The solution:

Standardize your testing conditions:

Timing:

  • Test at the same time of day (mid-morning or mid-afternoon is best)
  • 24-48 hours after last hard workout
  • Not first thing in morning (too stiff) or late evening (too fatigued)
  • Same day of week if possible

Physical state:

  • Not hungry or overly full
  • Well-hydrated
  • Not sore from recent workout
  • Normal energy levels (not sick, not exhausted)
  • After light warm-up if that's what you did before

Test execution:

  • Use same test order every time
  • Same rest periods between tests
  • Same definitions of "completion" (e.g., plank ends when hips sag)
  • Same equipment (same chair, same floor surface)

Recording:

  • Write detailed notes first time (e.g., "plank ended when lower back felt strain")
  • Use those same criteria every time
  • Video yourself if helpful for consistency

Expected variation:

Even with perfect standardization, some variation is normal:

  • Plank: ±5-10 seconds is normal day-to-day variation
  • Sit-to-stand: ±1-2 reps is normal
  • Balance: Can vary significantly based on focus/distraction
  • Flexibility: More variation in morning vs. evening

What matters: Overall trends, not single data points.

If your scores are:

  • Week 1: 55
  • Week 4: 58
  • Week 8: 62

That's a clear upward trend, even if Week 5 dipped to 54 because you tested while tired.

Action step: Create a testing protocol document. Write down:

  • Time of day you'll test
  • Day of week
  • How many hours after eating
  • Rest periods between tests
  • Exact test definitions

Use this same protocol every time you re-assess.


"I don't know what my scores mean"

The problem: You have numbers, but you're not sure if they're good, bad, or what to do about them.

Common confusion:

  • "Is 67/100 good or bad?"
  • "My plank is 8/10 but my flexibility is 2/10—what does that mean?"
  • "I scored 55 total but don't know where to start"

The solution:

Understanding total scores:

Your ScoreWhat It MeansReality Check
85-100Excellent movement foundationTop 20% of population, maintain this
70-84Good overall, some gapsAbove average, just need to round out weak areas
55-69Needs attentionBelow minimum for optimal health, but very fixable
40-54Significant gapsCommon for sedentary people, need consistent work
Below 40Movement severely limitedTypical for inactive adults, start gently and build

Understanding component scores:

Look at your score breakdown to identify patterns:

Pattern 1: Low daily movement, good exercise

  • Example: Daily movement 8/20, but exercise 20/25, physical tests 30/40
  • Meaning: You work out but sit too much ("active couch potato")
  • Fix: Increase daily steps, hourly movement breaks

Pattern 2: Active but weak

  • Example: Daily movement 18/20, but strength tests 10/40
  • Meaning: You move a lot but lack structured strength training
  • Fix: Add 2x/week resistance training

Pattern 3: Strong but immobile

  • Example: Strength tests 25/30, but flexibility 2/10
  • Meaning: You lift but never stretch
  • Fix: Add daily mobility work, 10 minutes

Pattern 4: Unbalanced development

  • Example: Plank 10/10, but balance 2/10
  • Meaning: You've trained some areas but neglected others
  • Fix: Address the lowest-scoring physical test specifically

How to interpret physical test scores:

Test ScoreWhat It Means
8-10/10Strength in this area, maintain it
5-7/10Adequate but could improve
2-4/10Weak area, priority for training
0-1/10Significant deficit, start with basics

Decision framework: What to work on first

Use this priority order:

  1. Safety issues first: If balance is very low (especially if you're older), this is priority #1 for fall prevention

  2. Daily movement if below 10/20: This affects overall health more than you realize

  3. Lowest physical test score: This is your weakest link—address it

  4. Missing exercise component: If you do zero strength training or zero cardio, add it

Practical example:

Say your scores are:

  • Daily movement: 12/20
  • Structured exercise: 8/25
  • Movement quality: 11/15
  • Sit-to-stand: 4/10
  • Plank: 6/10
  • Flexibility: 8/10
  • Balance: 6/10
  • Total: 55/100

Analysis:

  • Biggest gap: Sit-to-stand (leg strength)
  • Secondary gap: Structured exercise frequency
  • Strengths: Flexibility is actually good

Action plan:

  1. Add 2x/week leg-focused strength training (squats, lunges, step-ups)
  2. Increase daily movement by 2,000 steps (add one 20-min walk)
  3. Re-assess in 6 weeks

That's it. Two changes. Focus on the biggest gaps.

Action step: Look at your score breakdown. Identify your single lowest score. That's your starting point. Everything else can wait.


## 🤖 For Mo

AI Coach Guidance​

Score-Based Recommendations:

Score RangePrimary Guidance
85-100"Your movement is excellent. Let's discuss specific goals or maintaining this long-term."
70-84"Good movement base. Let's look at what could be stronger—strength, cardio, or mobility?"
55-69"Movement needs attention. Let's start with daily activity and build from there."
<55"Let's start gently. Walking daily is the first step. What feels manageable?"

Physical Test Discussion:

  • Low Sit-to-Stand → Discuss leg strength
  • Low Plank → Discuss core training
  • Low Flexibility → Discuss mobility work
  • Low Balance → Discuss stability (especially if older)

Follow-Up Questions:

  • "What does a typical day of movement look like for you?"
  • "Have you done structured exercise before?"
  • "Is there anything that prevents you from being more active?"

Red Flags:

  • Pain preventing movement → Recommend professional evaluation
  • Significant balance issues (older adults) → Fall risk
  • Dramatic discrepancy between perceived and actual fitness

❓ Common Questions​

Frequently Asked Questions About Movement Assessment

Q1: How often should I re-assess my movement baseline?​

Short answer: Every 4-12 weeks, depending on your situation.

Detailed guidance:

  • Starting a new routine: Re-assess after 4 weeks to verify you're on track
  • Active improvement phase: Every 6-8 weeks to track progress
  • Maintenance phase: Quarterly (every 3 months)
  • Annual check-in: At minimum, assess yearly to catch decline

Why these intervals?

  • Too frequent (<4 weeks): Not enough time for meaningful change
  • Too infrequent (>3 months): You might not catch problems early

Q2: My physical tests are good but my daily movement is low. Is that okay?​

Short answer: No—you're an "active couch potato."

What this means: You exercise intentionally but are sedentary the rest of the day. Research shows this pattern still carries health risks:

  • Increased metabolic disease risk
  • Poor glucose regulation
  • Cardiovascular risks persist

The fix:

  • Keep your exercise routine
  • Add hourly movement breaks
  • Increase daily steps to 7,500-10,000
  • Stand more throughout the day

Think of it this way: You can't out-exercise a sedentary lifestyle. Both daily movement AND exercise are needed.

Q3: I have pain during some tests. Should I still do them?​

Short answer: Mild discomfort is okay, but sharp pain means stop.

Guidelines:

  • Muscle burn/fatigue: Normal, continue
  • Mild stiffness/stretch sensation: Normal, continue
  • Sharp pain: Stop immediately
  • Pain that persists after test: Don't repeat that test

What to do about pain:

  1. Note which test caused pain
  2. Note the type and location
  3. Skip that test for now (record as 0 or N/A)
  4. Complete other tests if possible
  5. Consider seeing a professional (PT, doctor)

Red flags requiring professional evaluation:

  • Pain that shoots down arms or legs
  • Pain that gets worse with rest
  • Pain accompanied by numbness or weakness
  • Joint pain with swelling

Q4: My score is much lower than I expected. What now?​

Short answer: You just gained valuable information—now you know where you are.

Common reactions:

  • "I thought I was more active than this" → Common self-perception bias
  • "These tests are too hard" → Tests are age-normed; low scores indicate real deficits
  • "I don't have time to improve" → You have time for what you prioritize

What to do:

  1. Accept the data: Your score is information, not judgment
  2. Identify ONE priority: Don't try to fix everything
  3. Start small: Even 10 minutes daily makes a difference
  4. Re-assess in 6-8 weeks: Track your improvement

Reality check: Most people overestimate their activity level. This assessment shows objective reality.

Q5: Can I improve my score without going to a gym?​

Short answer: Absolutely. Most people can reach 70-80+ without a gym.

No-gym strategies:

For Daily Movement:

  • Walk more (to errands, after meals, during calls)
  • Take stairs
  • Stand while working
  • Active hobbies (gardening, cleaning)

For Strength:

  • Bodyweight exercises (push-ups, squats, planks)
  • Resistance bands
  • Household items as weights
  • Playground/park equipment

For Cardio:

  • Walking (can progress to hills, speed)
  • Running/jogging
  • Cycling
  • Jump rope
  • Dancing

For Mobility:

  • YouTube yoga/stretching videos
  • Daily stretching routine
  • Movement-based practices (tai chi)

When gym helps:

  • Scores below 40 (might need guidance)
  • Targeting 85+ (optimization requires equipment)
  • Motivation from group setting
  • Professional coaching desired

Q6: I'm over 60 and scored low. Is it too late to improve?​

Short answer: No—movement improvement is possible at any age.

The evidence:

  • Strength training shows benefits into 90s
  • Balance training reduces fall risk significantly
  • Mobility improvements happen quickly
  • Functional capacity can improve dramatically

Age-specific considerations:

Start more conservatively:

  • Progress slower than younger people
  • Focus on consistency over intensity
  • Prioritize balance and fall prevention
  • Listen to your body more carefully

Special priorities for older adults:

  1. Balance training (daily)—prevents falls
  2. Leg strength (2-3x/week)—maintains independence
  3. Daily walking—cardiovascular health
  4. Mobility work—maintains range of motion

Success stories: Many people improve scores by 15-25 points in 8-12 weeks, regardless of age. The key is consistency and proper progression.

When to get help:

  • If balance is very poor (fall risk)
  • If you have multiple health conditions
  • If you're completely sedentary and unsure where to start
  • Consider working with a physical therapist or qualified trainer

✅ Quick Reference​

Summary Table of Movement Assessments

Assessment Components at a Glance​

ComponentWhat It MeasuresMax PointsQuick Action if Low
Daily MovementSteps, sitting time, breaks20Add 2x 10-min walks daily
Structured ExerciseStrength, cardio, flexibility frequency25Start 2x/week basic routine
Movement QualityPain, posture, confidence15Address pain, improve posture awareness
Sit-to-StandLeg strength, functional capacity10Practice bodyweight squats
Plank HoldCore stability, trunk strength10Start with modified plank
Toe TouchFlexibility, hamstring length10Daily hamstring stretches
Single-Leg BalanceStability, proprioception10Practice single-leg stands

Score Interpretation Quick Guide​

ScoreCategoryPriority ActionTime to Improve
85-100ExcellentMaintain, optimize specific areasN/A
70-84GoodAdd missing component4-8 weeks
55-69Needs AttentionIncrease daily movement + 2x/week exercise8-12 weeks
40-54ConcerningStart walking daily, basic strength12-16 weeks
<40Critical10 min daily movement, professional guidance16+ weeks

Minimum Movement Standards​

For basic health, you should meet these minimums:

CategoryMinimum StandardWhat This Looks Like
Daily Steps7,500+3-4 short walks throughout day
Sitting Time<8 hoursHourly breaks, standing work
Strength Training2x/week20-30 min, major muscle groups
Cardio150 min/week moderate OR 75 min/week vigorous30 min, 5x/week or 25 min, 3x/week
Flexibility2-3x/week10 min stretching/yoga
Balance2-3x/weekSingle-leg exercises in routine

Physical Test Benchmarks​

Target scores to aim for (age-adjusted):

TestGood TargetExcellent TargetElite
Sit-to-Stand (30s)15 reps18+ reps20+ reps
Plank Hold60 sec90 sec2+ min
Toe TouchFingertips to floorPalms flatPalms past toes
Balance30 sec45+ sec60+ sec

Improvement Timeline Expectations​

Realistic progress for different starting points:

Starting Score8-Week Gain12-Week GainNotes
Below 40+10-15 points+15-25 pointsFastest initial gains
40-55+8-12 points+12-20 pointsConsistent progress
55-70+5-10 points+8-15 pointsFilling specific gaps
70-85+3-5 points+5-10 pointsOptimizing weak areas
85++0-3 points+0-5 pointsFine-tuning, maintenance

Red Flags Requiring Professional Attention​

SymptomPossible IssueWho to See
Pain during daily movementInjury, dysfunctionPhysical therapist
Severe balance deficit (older adult)Fall risk, neurologicalDoctor, PT
Can't complete any physical testSevere deconditioning, health issueDoctor
Pain that worsens with activityInjury, chronic conditionDoctor, PT
Dramatic score drop from previousHealth change, injuryDoctor

💡 Key Takeaways​

Your Next Step

Based on your score:

  • 85-100: Set specific performance goals
  • 70-84: Add the missing component (strength/cardio/mobility)
  • 55-69: Start with daily walking + basic strength 2x/week
  • Below 55: Walk 10 minutes daily, stand more, build gradually

Remember: The best exercise is the one you'll actually do. Start where you are.


🔗 Connections​


📚 Sources​

Evidence-Tiered Citations

Tier 1: Meta-Analyses & Systematic Reviews​

Physical Activity and Mortality

  • Warburton DE, Nicol CW, Bredin SS. "Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence." CMAJ. 2006;174(6):801-809.
    • Evidence: Meta-analysis of 33 studies
    • Finding: Regular physical activity reduces all-cause mortality by 30-40%
    • Application: Foundation for movement assessment importance

Sedentary Behavior and Health Risks

  • Wilmot EG, Edwardson CL, Achana FA, et al. "Sedentary time in adults and the association with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and death: systematic review and meta-analysis." Diabetologia. 2012;55(11):2895-2905.
    • Evidence: Meta-analysis of 18 studies, 794,577 participants
    • Finding: Sedentary time independently associated with disease risk
    • Application: Why daily movement score matters separately from exercise

Exercise and Brain Health

  • Erickson KI, Hillman C, Stillman CM, et al. "Physical Activity, Cognition, and Brain Outcomes: A Review of the 2018 Physical Activity Guidelines." Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2019;51(6):1242-1251.
    • Evidence: Systematic review
    • Finding: Exercise improves cognitive function, reduces dementia risk by ~30%
    • Application: Science section on brain health benefits

Resistance Training and Aging

  • Westcott WL. "Resistance training is medicine: effects of strength training on health." Curr Sports Med Rep. 2012;11(4):209-216.
    • Evidence: Review of resistance training studies
    • Finding: Strength training benefits extend into 90s
    • Application: Age-related strength recommendations

Tier 2: Large Randomized Controlled Trials​

Sit-to-Stand Test Validity

  • Jones CJ, Rikli RE, Beam WC. "A 30-s chair-stand test as a measure of lower body strength in community-residing older adults." Res Q Exerc Sport. 1999;70(2):113-119.
    • Study type: Validation study, 7,183 participants
    • Finding: 30-second sit-to-stand test valid predictor of functional capacity
    • Application: Sit-to-stand test methodology and scoring

Plank Test Reliability

  • Schellenberg F, Taylor WR, Lorenzetti S. "Towards evidence based strength training: a comparison of muscle forces during deadlifts, goodmornings and split squats." BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2017;9:13.
    • Study type: Biomechanical analysis
    • Finding: Core stability predicts injury risk and performance
    • Application: Plank test as core assessment

Balance Testing and Fall Risk

  • Vellas BJ, Wayne SJ, Romero LJ, Baumgartner RN, Garry PJ. "Fear of falling and restriction of mobility in elderly fallers." Age Ageing. 1997;26(3):189-193.
    • Study type: Prospective cohort, 1,285 participants
    • Finding: Single-leg balance time predicts fall risk
    • Application: Balance test scoring and interpretation

Tier 3: Observational Studies & Guidelines​

Physical Activity Guidelines

  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition. 2018.
    • Source: Federal guidelines based on evidence review
    • Recommendations: 150 min moderate or 75 min vigorous cardio + 2x strength
    • Application: Structured exercise scoring criteria

Step Count Recommendations

  • Tudor-Locke C, Craig CL, Brown WJ, et al. "How many steps/day are enough? For adults." Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2011;8:79.
    • Study type: Review and consensus
    • Finding: 7,500-10,000 steps/day for health benefits
    • Application: Daily movement step count thresholds

Flexibility Assessment

  • Mayorga-Vega D, Merino-Marban R, Viciana J. "Criterion-Related Validity of Sit-and-Reach Tests for Estimating Hamstring and Lumbar Extensibility: a Meta-Analysis." J Sports Sci Med. 2014;13(1):1-14.
    • Evidence: Meta-analysis of validity studies
    • Finding: Toe-touch tests valid for hamstring flexibility
    • Application: Flexibility test methodology

Active Couch Potato Syndrome

  • Owen N, Healy GN, Matthews CE, Dunstan DW. "Too much sitting: the population health science of sedentary behavior." Exerc Sport Sci Rev. 2010;38(3):105-113.
    • Study type: Review
    • Finding: Exercise doesn't fully offset prolonged sitting
    • Application: Pattern recognition section

Tier 4: Expert Consensus & Clinical Practice​

Age-Adjusted Norms

  • American College of Sports Medicine. ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. 11th ed. Wolters Kluwer; 2021.
    • Source: Professional guidelines
    • Content: Age-specific fitness testing norms
    • Application: Age-adjusted scoring for physical tests

Functional Movement Assessment

  • Cook G, Burton L, Hoogenboom BJ, Voight M. "Functional movement screening: the use of fundamental movements as an assessment of function - part 1." Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2014;9(3):396-409.
    • Study type: Clinical assessment framework
    • Content: Movement quality assessment principles
    • Application: Movement quality questionnaire design

NEAT and Metabolic Health

  • Levine JA. "Non-exercise activity thermogenesis (NEAT)." Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;16(4):679-702.
    • Study type: Review and original research
    • Finding: Daily movement contributes significantly to energy expenditure
    • Application: Daily movement component rationale

Assessment Methodology Sources​

Test Selection Rationale The four physical tests were selected based on:

  1. Validity: Proven to measure stated construct
  2. Reliability: Consistent results on repeat testing
  3. Practicality: Can be performed at home without equipment
  4. Relevance: Predict health outcomes and functional capacity
  5. Safety: Low injury risk when performed correctly

Scoring System Development Point allocations based on:

  • Public health guidelines (WHO, CDC, ACSM)
  • Epidemiological data on dose-response relationships
  • Clinical cutoffs for health risk
  • Population norms from validation studies

Evidence Quality Notes​

What makes evidence "strong":

  • Large sample sizes (1,000+ participants)
  • Randomized controlled trial design
  • Meta-analyses combining multiple studies
  • Long-term follow-up (years, not weeks)
  • Replication across populations

Limitations acknowledged:

  • Self-reported activity has known bias
  • Physical tests are snapshots, not comprehensive
  • Individual variation is high
  • Tests don't capture all aspects of fitness
  • Scoring thresholds involve some clinical judgment

For Further Reading​

Books:

  • "Exercised" by Daniel Lieberman (Harvard evolutionary biology of movement)
  • "Built to Move" by Kelly Starrett (functional movement assessment)
  • "Outlive" by Peter Attia (longevity-focused fitness framework)

Online Resources:

  • CDC Physical Activity Guidelines: cdc.gov/physicalactivity
  • ACSM Exercise is Medicine: exerciseismedicine.org
  • WHO Physical Activity Recommendations: who.int/health-topics/physical-activity